Molecule of the Month
August 2026

Histone Ubiquitination and Deubiquitination Complexes

Enzymes that add and remove marks from chromosomes to keep gene regulation in balance

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Irving Geis (1908-1997) was a gifted artist who helped illuminate the field of structural biology with his iconic images. The Geis Digital Archive features many of his illustrations in the context of their molecular structures.

Images used with permission from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (www.hhmi.org). All rights reserved.

Lysozyme (512)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

Immunoglobulin G (IgG)

Cytochrome c (unbound)

Collagen

Myohemerythrin

DNA

Trypsin

Crambin

Cytochrome c

Intermolecular Contacts in Hemoglobin S

Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus (TBSV)

Lac Repressor

Induced Lac Repressor

Z-DNA

Deoxyhemoglobin

A-DNA

Ribonuclease S

Aspartate Transcarbamoylase (ATCase)

Myoglobin

Hemoglobin

B-DNA

Carboxypeptidase A

Lysozyme (488)

Myoglobin Fold

Hemoglobin (1000)

TATA-Binding Protein (TBP)

Transfer Ribonucleic Acid (tRNA)

DPG-Hemoglobin Complex

Hemoglobin S

Oxyhemoglobin

The Molecular Landscapes by David S. Goodsell integrate information from structural biology, microscopy and biophysics to simulate detailed views of the molecular structure of living cells.

Illustrations are free for use under a CC-BY-4.0 license

Zika Virus

Phage-based COVID-19 Vaccine

Ebola Virus

CytoSkeleton

Autophagy

HIV-Infected Cell

Abiogenesis

Chloroplast

Caulobacter Polar Microdomain

Escherichia coli Bacterium

Biosites: Blood Plasma

Biosites: Cytoplasm

Myelin

Transfer RNA and Gag Protein

Cellulose Synthase

Coronavirus

Model of a Mycoplasma Cell

RecA and DNA

Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses

Mycoplasma mycoides

Influenza Vaccine

Bacteriophage T4 Infection

Biosites: Red Blood Cell

HIV Vaccine

Biosites: Muscle

Last Universal Common Ancestor

Respiratory Droplet

JCVI-syn3A Minimal Cell

Casein Micelle and Fat Globule in Milk

HIV in Blood Plasma

Biosites: Nucleus

Poliovirus Neutralization

Insulin Release

Measles Virus Proteins

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VegF) Signaling

Myoglobin in a Whale Muscle Cell

Coronavirus Life Cycle

Biosites: Basement Membrane

Red Blood Cell Cytoskeleton

Collagen and Extracellular Matrix

Lipid Droplets

Blood

Immunological Synapse

SARS-CoV-2 and Neutralizing Antibodies

Kinetochore

Influenza Virus

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine

SARS-CoV-2 Fusion

Escherichia coli

Insulin Action